As stated in title: using command:

execute as @p run time query gametime

in command block or mcfunction dont produce any output to chat or log file.

Although it produce output in command block output textbox. Other position-independent commands like "tell" or "kill" dont seem to have similar issues. Probably the problem is related to: MC-158098 "The command block does not output some execution results".
Steps to reproduce:
1. Open a world with cheats on
2. Place a command block
3. Paste: "execute as @p run time query gametime"
4. Power a command block
5. Check chat and log file

Edit: can confirm also on 19w45a