This bug works with all items.
In these reproduction steps the method to get a ghost riptide trident is outlined because it is the most severe example (that I have tested so far); everything else can be made into a ghost item equivalently, and you can even "ghost" multiple items at the same time. The bug also works on servers.

Steps to reproduce:

1. Give yourself a riptide 3 trident.
2. Execute "/gamerule doWeatherCycle false".
3. Set the weather to rain.

Now, you need to exploit MC-279414 to produce lag/softlock the game:

1. Give yourself a chest.
2. Enter spectator mode.
3. Set your flying speed to the maximum.
4. Fly at least 5000 blocks away.
5. Make sure you are now in a biome that has rain. If not, fly further.
6. Enter survival mode.

With the next steps you have to be quick before the softlock ends:

1. Place the chest.
2. Open the chest (which should not succeed).
3. Drop the trident.
4. Step away a few blocks.
5. When the softlock ends, you should now get back a riptide trident that produces no animations, consumes no durability, does no extra damage to mobs, and is independent from its source item (which should lie around somewhere). Note however that this trident can be used to propel yourself for an indefinite amount of time, until the world is reloaded, an item is picked up, the dimension is changed etc. See the attached video for demonstration purposes.

Of note is that the reproduction steps outlined here do not work without using the chest, whereas MC-279414 does. This implies that the bug has something to do with the chest GUI.

This is probably not the only way to reproduce the bug, and methods to reproduce it in survival might exist. Most likely only a significant source of lag/latency is required.

Using this bug, I have created so far:

• An unbreakable, infinitely usable riptide trident.
• A bow that does not shoot arrows.
• A non-functional crossbow, sword and shield.
• A block that disappears once placed.
• A bucket that deletes its contents when used, including entities.
• Food that never finishes being eaten.

Edit: I managed to reproduce the bug with lag created by massive minecart clusters. Therefore it is reproducible in survival. Also, while the lag is occurring, even a normal riptide trident does not consume durability/play animations. This stops, however, when the lag is over, whereas a ghost riptide trident still consumes no durability/does not play animations.