I checked 1st and saw similar reports that were closed because the issue was lighting. That is most certainly NOT the case here. Included will be several screenshots of the affected crops. Most of the Wheat seemed to grow normally. HOWEVER, 3 crops did not at all. Even after a complete harvest and replant, the same 3 crops still seem to not want to grow. NONE of the Carrots or Potatoes have grown even slightly. I have no clue how to reproduce. F3 is up for all screenshots. Seed is 7825917399226676916 if that makes any difference.

PS: The lighting method obviously works as screenshots 2 and 3 indicate different positions for the lighting vs where the crops actually grew.

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UPDATE: After downloading the world from Realms and AFKing, the crops still didn't grow. Updated to the latest version: no change. Tested by breaking the slabs above the ceiling (some crops were able to grow, others... not?)... half surprised by the results (half expected) - the crops grew (tested in 14w34d, gamerule randomtickspeed 5000). New screenshots of the test below.