I generated a new map on 14w31a. Map's seed is "Test" without quotes. I started the map in creative and with 16 render distance. First screenshot is with 16 render distance. Then I went to options and made the render distance 17. Second screenshot shows what happened to my fps. 3rd screenshot is with 32 render distance.

Even 1 more chunk instantly dropped my fps. I have no idea what is the problem but there IS a problem.

Note: I tried overclocking my GPU to see if it is about my GPU's clocks but (overclocked HD 5650 is equal to HD 5730) there wasn't much difference.

Sorry if I used wrong grammar/word.